An international group of astronomers used data from the James Webb Space Telescope to report the discovery of the first confirmed galaxies to date.
In the work, which NASA noted has not yet been officially reviewed, scientists found that the light from these galaxies took more than 13.4 billion years to reach Earth, since the galaxies returned to less than 400 million years after the Big Bang.
Previous data from Webb provided candidates for infant galaxies and the targets obtained were confirmed by spectroscopic observations.
Those observations revealed specific features in the light emitted from faint galaxies.
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The Webb Advanced Extragalactic Deep Survey (JADES) focuses on the area in and around the Hubble Space Telescope’s Ultra Deep Field. Using Webb’s NIRCam instrument, scientists observed the field in nine different infrared ranges. From these images (shown left) a group of faint galaxies that have been searched for in the visible infrared, but whose spectra are cut off abruptly at the critical mass known as the “Lyman break”. The Webb NIRspec instrument then yielded a precise measurement of the redshift of each galaxy (shown at right). Four galaxies of the study are particularly special, as they were revealed at an unprecedentedly early time. This galaxy goes back to less than 400 million years after the big bang, when the universe was only 2% of its current age. In the background image, blue means light at 1.15 microns (115W), green is 2.0 microns (200W) and red is 4.44 microns (444W). In the cutout images, blue is a combination of 0.9 and 1.15 microns (090W+115W), green is 1.5 and 2.0 microns (150W+200W), and red is 2.0, 2.77 and 4.44 microns (200W+277W+444W).
(Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), L. Hustak (STScI), Science: B. Robertson (UCSC), S. Tacchella (Cambridge), E. Curtis-Lake. (Hertfordshire), St. Carniani (Scuola Normale Superiore), and the Jades Collaboration)
Observations using the JWST Advanced Extragalactic Program (JADES) observations in the area in and around the Hubble Ultra Deep Space Telescope.
Starting with the Near Infrared Camera telescope, or NIRCam, the JADES program has more than 10 days of mission time to observe the field in nine different infrared colors.
In the images, the smallest of galaxies can be distinguished by a factor of up to 14 in the light stretched across the spectrum.
GREENBELT, MD – NOVEMBER 02: Engineers and technicians assemble the James Webb Space Telescope on November 2, 2016, at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
((Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images))
NASA astronomers have searched for galaxies that are faintly visible in the infrared, but whose light abruptly shuts off during a crisis.
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The agency noted that the location of the gap in each galaxy’s spectrum was caused by the expansion of the universe.
Then, using the Near-Infrared Spectrograph instrument for three days, the team collected the light from 250 faint galaxies, studying the patterns in the spectrum of the atoms in each galaxy coming from a specific measure of each galaxy’s redshift and revealing its properties. gases and stars in those galaxies.
This image was taken by the James Webb Space Telescope in the study area of the Webb Advanced Extragalactic Survey (JADES). This area is in and around the Hubble Space Telescope’s Ultra Deep Field. Scientists used the Webb NIRCam instrument to observe the field in nine different infrared ranges. From these images, the team searched for faint galaxies that are visible in the infrared, but whose spectra are cut off abruptly during the critical mass. Additional observations (not shown here) were conducted with Webb’s NIRspec instrument to measure the redshift of each galaxy and show the properties of the gas and stars in these galaxies. In this image, blue represents light at 1.15 microns (115W), green is 2.0 microns (200W) and red is 4.44 microns (444W).
(Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), Science: B. Robertson (UCSC), S. Tacchella (Cambridge), E. Curtis-Lake (Hertfordshire), S. Carniani (School Normal Superior) and Collaboration JADES.)
The four galaxies appeared unheard of early, at redshifts above 10, or when the universe was about 330 million years old.
“We found the first galaxy only 350 million years after the Big Bang, and we are completely confident about the fantastic distances,” co-author Brant Robertson, from the University of California Santa Cruz and a member of NIRCam. knowledge of the team, in chap. “It’s a special way to find these ancient galaxies in such stunningly beautiful images.”
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Next year, JADES will continue with a detailed study of another field, this one focused on the iconic Hubble Deep Field.
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